Right component for the right circuit

Right component for the right circuit

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Having discussed the details of procuring quality components for the assembling purpose, we shall now analyse a few other important points in procuring the items one by one.

Resistors

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Normally fixed value resistors for the simple electronics projects require not more than 1/8  or ¼ watt resistors as circuit elements. In power supply sections and exceptionally high current handling places, resistors rated with more than 1 watt may be required in some circuit designs. Hence the specifications of the circuit elements are to be consulted and taken care of while procuring the elements.

Adjustable resistors or presets suitable to PCB insertion should be taken care off. Sometimes rotary type volume controls are required and one should consider the position of such controls in the PCB or outside PCB. The important point to be noted here is taken care of tolerance, size and suitability of the components to PCB design.

Ratings of the components have to be checked while buying them. When you procure components, appropriate ratings of the components are to be considered. For e.g. in power supply circuits if the value of a particular resistor is rated as 1W (one watt) then you must procure that resistor with 1W capacity. If you try to use lesser watt resistor in its place it may burnt out, because it may not tolerate that much current flow through it, as such it may get heated up and burnt finally.

Capacitors

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In the case of capacitors, the type of capacitors is important. Ordinary ceramic, tantalum and electrolytic capacitors have different functionality in the circuit diagram. More important aspect is its working voltage. Always use higher rated voltage electrolytic capacitors in the circuit for which it has been designed. Radial and axial types are available. Appropriate type suitable for the circuit and PCB should be selected and used.

So it is always recommended that the voltage rating of electrolytic capacitors to be observed. In a 9V operated circuit normally if the electrolytic capacitor is rated for 16V then you must use that rated capacitor only. If it is less voltage rated for e.g. 10V, then the capacitor may not withstand that working voltage and become shorted quickly or at the earliest.

ICs

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CMOS ICs have to be handled with care and to be kept in the foil pack until it is actually put into the board. It is advisable to use IC sockets for such type of ICs. Heat sinks for power ICs, transistors are to be used without fail to safe guard the vital components and for its optimum performance. As such IC sockets are recommended for ICs.

Transistors

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Various package types of transistors are available in the market. One should use appropriate and suitable to the circuit as well as to the PCB should be used. Transistor outline packages such as TO39, 52, 92,126 and 220 are some common packages suitable for PCB assembling. Equivalent transistors may be required to use in certain times when the original type is not available. In that case pin configurations and other working details have to be taken care of.

Transformers

Power supply transformers may not be able to fix on PCBs. They have to be fixed outside and wires are to be connected to the appropriate terminal points on the board. Transformers are to be procured with suitable voltages and current deliverable  capabilities. For example for ordinary power supply 6 or 9V with upto 300 mA capacity may be sufficient. If large current is required 1 or 2 Amps rated may be used. As such these high current transformers are bulky and should be fixed outside the board.

Diodes, LEDs etc.

These are common types and mostly suitable for the PCB assemblies. Correct value diodes are to be procured for optimum performance.

Relays, Buzzers and speakers

When selecting these components miniature components are suitable for the assembly work. Size is important consideration for these components. Elements made for the PCB mounting are available in the market and one should procure such types only for our work.  

These are only some of the components often used in the circuit discussed for suitability for our assembling work. Hence one should ascertain the circuit and PCB design size before going to procure the circuit elements for the project assembling.